Therapies for malignant pathology may compromise female fertility. Chemotherapy including alkylating agents, radiation and surgery may cause ovarian failure and damage to the uterus. The increasing awareness of the importance of early oncofertility discussion allows prompt consideration of fertility preservation options. However challenges remain in optimising both timely access to fertility preservation, and the likelihood of successful pregnancy after fertility preservation. Recent improvements in cryopreservation techniques are encouraging and have resulted in acknowledgement that having their own family is a realistic expectation for most young women when they recover from their cancer.